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Writing About/With Platform Unions: The Role of Culture, Politics, and History

Two photographs taken from behind workers sitting in labor meetings, one labeled "Kolkata, 2025", the other "Delhi, 2024."

This article is the second in a series about gig and platform worker unions in India written by members of the Labor Tech Research Network. Read the introduction to the series here. This post offers a worm’s-eye view of the tensions and opportunities shaping platform labour organising in contemporary India. Platform work has exposed larger numbers of workers, especially younger workers with little memory or experience of organizing, to mobilize against capital and to do so using innovative means and campaigns (Wadikar, 2025). Building upon literature on platform workers’ mobilization in India (Ray and John, 2025), we highlight how efforts to organize emerge within regionally specific terrains of culture, politics and histories of labour mobilization. Through three vignettes, we bring the everyday together with the cultural, political histories and contexts of three metropolitan Indian cities – Bengaluru, Delhi and Kolkata, cities in which we have lived and engaged in research and activism with platform workers. Spanning between 2019 and 2025, these vignettes reflect the political landscape in India. They shed light on the capital–state nexus that limits the power of workers, unionization efforts built on foundations of loyalty and often exclusionary hypermasculine politics. What are the tensions and contradictions that we confronted while doing research with ‘gig’ worker unions? How do we navigate making certain aspects of unionizing visible while muting others? How can we be less extractive and more useful to the workers we write about? (read more...)

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Duck-billed platypus engraving, 1853.

Platypus in 2026

Welcome to Platypus in 2026! Last year, we published over 65 posts, almost a quarter of which were also in a second language, and maintained a readership from 175 different countries. A full summary of CASTAC’s activities in 2025 can be found at our 2025 Year in Review. As we look ahead to another engaging year of publishing a wide range of work from the social sciences on science and technology, we are thankful for the labor that our editorial team and our authors continue to put in. We are also very grateful to you, our readers – thank you for being here every week! (read more...)

2025 in Review

Welcome to our annual wrap-up, where we share some highlights for CASTAC’s 2025 activities! We are grateful to for your generous engagement with our content this year, and we look forward to sharing more pieces on the anthropology of science and technology in 2026. (read more...)

The Lung Tumor We Know Exists Yet That We Cannot See

Since my father’s diagnosis of lung cancer, my life has been haunted by something I cannot see. When the biopsy reported “airway dissemination positive,” I became consumed by questions: What is the shape and reach of this spread? Was the surgical margin sufficient? Has the cancer already advanced beyond what was removed, lurking undetected, growing with each breath, shifting with every cough? (read more...)

The image shows a university environment, with a poster prominently displayed that reads "I want to study without fear and harassment."

What Not To Do If You Are Accused Of Harassment: The Case Of Boaventura de Souza Santos

In this text, we intend to revisit the well-known case of the Portuguese sociologist Boaventura de Souza Santos, following its unfolding since the accusations that surfaced after the publication of this book “Sexual Misconduct in Academia” in 2023. We summarize the main events since then, focusing on developing a counter-manual that didactically organizes the regrettable way in which the intellectual responded to the accusations and systematically retaliated against the victims. We hope that this will contribute to ensuring that future reactions to such situations are guided by genuine desires for reparation and feminist transformation. (read more...)

Poster de flyer de un evento de música

From the ‘Grid’ to the ‘Field’: Visualizing the Chipscene

“The Grid. A digital frontier. I tried to picture clusters of information as they moved through the computer. What did they look like? Ships? Motorcycles? Were the circuits like freeways? I kept dreaming of a world I thought I’d never see. And then, one day I got in…” Kevin Flynn, Tron Legacy In Autumn 2008, while studying in Athens​,​ I happened to attend an event called Error Code. The event’s poster lured me in as it depicted a Nintendo Game Boy connected to another electronic device and a keyboard. During the event, the three performers played their chiptunes – compositions which they had created live on Game Boy. Although the overall umbrella term for chiptunes would be electronic music, they all had very distinct styles, ranging from noise to electropop. (read more...)

A sculpture with hand shape with finger tips colored in red

Touch to Make: An Index Finger’s Path into the Sculpture Factories in China

In spring of 2024, when green buds had already begun to appear even though light flurries were still falling in Rochester NY, I was slumped in the folding chair in my apartment, surrounded by dissertation books, the pigment tests, maquettes, and preliminary drawings for an upcoming exhibition in Beijing that October. Ever since I started graduate school, the gentle dilemma of being both an artist and a scholar has colored my days, as a tension that persists but always in the happiest ways. The room was quiet, the light soft, and my attention drifted between thinking, reading, and the pull of artwork I had not yet begun. Almost without intention, my finger moved across my phone, again, returning to the familiar drift of scrolling that has become an ordinary part of contemporary life. I opened Xiaohongshu (Red Note, the Chinese social media App) and typed four characters, sculpture factory (雕塑工厂, diaosugongchang), into the search bar, looking for workshops near Beijing and the adjacent city of Yanjiao in Hebei Province, hoping to locate production sites and people who might help accelerate the work for the exhibition when I returned in the summer. (read more...)

The image shows seven hand-drawn paper dolls on a white background.

Doing Research Between Adolescence and Cyborgs

“What do you imagine when you hear the word “cyborg”?” This was the question posed by a teenager named Kauan to introduce a presentation on Donna Haraway’s The Cyborg Manifesto (2009) for the research group of the High School Scientific Initiation Program at Unicamp. An online presentation, with slides, given by an undergraduate researcher, Kauan, to four classmates and a counselor. Immediately, the imagination of a robot comes to mind for some of us. Others are open to new references. We can travel through films, dystopias, machines, high-tech and even fashion can be a cyborg reference for teenagers. Apparently, cyborgs and adolescence have historically coexisted and have a love-hate relationship. Daily connected, their bodies inhabiting poorly demarcated boundaries between online and the offline. Humor and irony can simulate both the image of adolescence and the cyborg. We don’t have a problem with conflicting feelings, and we’re internalizing the contradiction of being cyborgs in the 21st century.  We, who wrote this text, are five teenagers and one young adult, who still has the capacity to imagine “what they want to be when they grow up.” (read more...)